The omega-3 essential fatty acids (EFAs) are vital nutrients essential to health. A family of polyunsaturated fatty acids, they protect against disease and can combat illnesses such as cardiovascular disease. In heart patients, omega-3 EFAs have been seen to decrease risk of arrhythmias, decrease triglyceride levels, decrease growth rate of atherosclerotic plaque and somewhat lower blood pressure.
Of three kinds, ALA, EPA and DHA, these fatty acids must be obtained from diet as they are not efficiently synthesized in the body.
Oil-rich fish and supplements such as fish oil and cod liver oil are the most readily available sources of Omega-3. While fish such as mackerel, lake trout, herring, sardines, albacore tuna and salmon are high in EPA and DHA, since fish also carries potentially toxic mercury, other sources of these fatty acids like tofu, soybeans, walnuts and flaxseed and its oil are recommended.
Heart patients may even be advised an Omega-3 dietary supplement.
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